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Biosphere 2

Name
Biosphere 2
Conceptual only
No
Start Date
1987
End Date
1994
Location
Oracle, AZ
Crops
Bananas, papayas, sweet potatoes, beets, peanuts, lablab and cowpea beans, rice, and wheat.
5 goats, 38 chickens, 3 pigs, tilapia
Human Capacity
8
Max Closed Duration
730days
Base area
204,000m2
Volume
12,700m3
Strengths
Largest closed system ever created, contained 5 wild biomes plus agricultural area and human hab.
Weaknesses
Required huge air conditioners to control temperature, utilizing 3 times the energy received in insolation.
Oxygen began at air normal (20.9%), dropped to 14.5% over 16 months. System was boosted with external oxygen at 16 and 23 months.
Lessons
Daily CO2 fluctuation was typically 600 ppm due to plant photosynthesis/respiration.

CO2 reacted with exposed concrete to form CaCO3, sequestering the carbon dioxide and, as part of it, the oxygen that had disappeared.