The Food Subsystem receives harvested agricultural products from plants and animals, stabilizes them as necessary, storing raw and stabilized agricultural products, food ingredients, and prepackaged food and beverage items. The Food Subsystem transforms the raw agricultural products into a ready-to-eat form via food processing and meal preparation operations.
Interfaces: Air, Thermal, Waste, Water, Crew, EVA Support, Human Accommodations, Integrated Control, Power, Radiation Protection
Food for humans must be generated completely from within the CELSS. This generally means agriculture of some sort that uses human wastes as a raw material and energy ultimately derived from the Sun.
Human nutritional needs vary by individual, based on age, activity level, and size. The table above offers general guidelines for caloric (energy) needs. It does not include requirements for trace minerals (macronutrients and micronutrients).
It should be noted that not all calories are equal, and the ability to absorb calories depends not only upon the raw food itself, but upon the preparation of the food, as well as the gut bacteria of the individual consuming the food.
V. SOLID WASTE COMPOSTER/DRIER
A. Inputs:
1. heated air from dehumidifier condenser coils
2. toilet wastes from HUM/washroom
3. vegetable wastes from HUM/kitchen
4. plant clippings from biobed
5. HUM air (CO2, O2, trace gasses)
B. Outputs:
1. powdered dried organics to bio-bed surface
2. distilled evaporate to bio-bed sub-surface
3. warm CO2 rich air to bio-bed sub-surface
VI. HUMAN UTILITIES MODULE - HUM
A. Inputs:
1. dry oxygen-rich air from dehumidifier
2. clear sterilized water from CWT
3. medicinal herbs & food/vegetables from bio-bed
B. Outputs:
1. toilet wastes to composter
2. vegetable wastes to composter
3. stale air (CO2, O2, trace gasses) to composter
4. urine to bio-bed sub-surface
5. gray water to bio-bed sub-surface
Interfaces: Air, Thermal, Waste, Water, Crew, EVA Support, Human Accommodations, Integrated Control, Power, Radiation Protection
Food for humans must be generated completely from within the CELSS. This generally means agriculture of some sort that uses human wastes as a raw material and energy ultimately derived from the Sun.
Human nutrition needs
Daily Estimated Average requirement (EARs) for Energy
Adapted from "Nutrition at a glance",
Mary E. Barasi, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford (2007)
| MJ (kcal) | ||
| age | male | female |
| 0-3 months | 2.28 (545) | 2.16 (515) |
| 4-6 months | 2.89 (690) | 2.69 (645) |
| 7-9 months | 3.44 (625) | 3.20 (765) |
| 10-12 months | 3.85 (920) | 3.61 (865) |
| 1-3 years | 5.15 (1230) | 4.86 (1165) |
| 4-6 years | 7.16 (1715) | 6.46 (1545) |
| 7-10 years | 8.24 (1970) | 7.28 (1740) |
| 11-14 years | 9.27 (2220) | 7.72 (1845) |
| 15-18 years | 11.51 (2755) | 8.83 (2110) |
| 19-50 years | 10.60 (2550) | 8.10 (1940) |
| 51-59 years | 10.60 (2550) | 8.00 (1900) |
| 60-64 years | 9.93 (2330) | 7.99 (1900) |
| 65-74 years | 9.71 (2330) | 7.96 (1890) |
| 75+ years | 8.77 (2100) | 7.61 (1810) |
| pregnancy | +0.80 (200) | |
| lactation 1 months | +1.90 (450) | |
| lactation 2 months | +2.20 (530) | |
| lactation 3 months | +2.40 (570) | |
Adapted from "Nutrition at a glance",
Mary E. Barasi, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford (2007)
Human nutritional needs vary by individual, based on age, activity level, and size. The table above offers general guidelines for caloric (energy) needs. It does not include requirements for trace minerals (macronutrients and micronutrients).
It should be noted that not all calories are equal, and the ability to absorb calories depends not only upon the raw food itself, but upon the preparation of the food, as well as the gut bacteria of the individual consuming the food.
V. SOLID WASTE COMPOSTER/DRIER
A. Inputs:
1. heated air from dehumidifier condenser coils
2. toilet wastes from HUM/washroom
3. vegetable wastes from HUM/kitchen
4. plant clippings from biobed
5. HUM air (CO2, O2, trace gasses)
B. Outputs:
1. powdered dried organics to bio-bed surface
2. distilled evaporate to bio-bed sub-surface
3. warm CO2 rich air to bio-bed sub-surface
VI. HUMAN UTILITIES MODULE - HUM
A. Inputs:
1. dry oxygen-rich air from dehumidifier
2. clear sterilized water from CWT
3. medicinal herbs & food/vegetables from bio-bed
B. Outputs:
1. toilet wastes to composter
2. vegetable wastes to composter
3. stale air (CO2, O2, trace gasses) to composter
4. urine to bio-bed sub-surface
5. gray water to bio-bed sub-surface